Pharmacological interventions for PTSD are common, and considerable research has been conducted on the effectiveness of such treatment. The course Pharmacological Treatment of PTSD and Comorbid Disorders provides a review of the human stress system and the relationship between neurotransmitters and PTSD. It reviews controlled medication trials for PTSD and summarizes the relative evidence for psychotherapy versus pharmacological interventions. The author also discusses current practices for combining treatments and for managing comorbid conditions.